First law of thermodynamics, second law of thermodynamics, Carnot cycle and thermodynamic scale of temperature, the entropy, Enthalpy, The Helmholtz function and the Gibbs function, Joule effect and free expansion of gases, porous plug experiments, theory of Joule - kelvin effect, further applications of Joule-Kelvin effect, method of liquefying gas by throttling process.

An introduction to thermal radiation, some useful laws of thermal radiation, Stefan's law of radiation, verification of Stefan's law the classical theory of radiation, Maxwellian distribution of molecular
Assessment is continuous by assignments and a final examination.
Prerequisite: This course in Level 4 could be followed on fulfilling the requirements at Level 3 or getting through the GSQ examination.
Programmes for which this course is required or in which it can be included:
Bachelor of Science.